Statewide statistics on losing weight
Adobe Flash Player is required to view this feature. Long-term effects of a lifestyle intervention on weight and cardiovascular risk factors in individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus: four-year results of the Look AHEAD trial. Adobe Flash Player is required to view this feature. If you are using an operating system that does not support Flash, we are working to bring you alternative formats. If you are using an operating system that does not support Flash, we are working to bring you alternative formats. (2016) A pilot study of health and wellness coaching for fibromyalgia. Schwartz, Veronica Perez-Rosas, Rada Mihalcea, Linda Snetselaar. Kansas primary care weighs in: a pilot randomized trial of a chronic care model program for obesity in 3 rural Kansas primary care practices. , Nowella Durkin, Richard R. Unlike efficacy trials, in which one eligibility criterion is confirmed availability for group sessions, we imposed no such requirement, a policy that no doubt contributed to low attendance at group sessions. If you are using an operating system that does not support Flash, we are working to bring you alternative formats. Outcomes were compared between each intervention group and the control group and between the two intervention groups. If you are using an operating system that does not support Flash, we are working to bring you alternative formats. If you are using an operating system that does not support Flash, we are working to bring you alternative formats. Almeida, Kylie Marsh, Karen Murray, Martha Hickey, Moira Sim, Andrew Ford, Leon Flicker. Kaye, Sarah Simunovich, Frank G. , could enter data into a Web site and send and receive e-mail). Jackson, Gary A. Bell, A. All weights obtained before a protocol-defined censoring event (i. If you are using an operating system that does not support Flash, we are working to bring you alternative formats. Stone. Treatment of obesity in primary care practice: the Practice Based Opportunities for Weight Reduction (POWER) Trial at Johns Hopkins. Wolever, Meg Jordan, Karen Lawson, Margaret Moore. CrossRef 4 Longo, Dan L. Adobe Flash Player is required to view this feature. (2016) Prepare, a randomized trial to promote and evaluate weight loss among overweight and obese women planning pregnancy: Study design and rationale. 5 in the first 6 months and 1 in the next 18 months, and the median number of individual sessions attended was 4 in the first 6 months and 1 in the last 18 months. If you are using an operating system that does not support Flash, we are working to bring you alternative formats. , Thomas A. O. (2016) A randomised controlled trial of a lifestyle behavioural intervention for patients with low back pain, who are overweight or obese: study protocol. If you are using an operating system that does not support Flash, we are working to bring you alternative formats. 15-17 Motivational interviewing was the primary approach to interactions with participants. Tony Buffington. 6,12-14 There was no run-in period, no test given before randomization to determine adherence to study procedures, and no requirement that participants attend group sessions. 0% at 24 months for the group receiving remote support and 8. Richardson. Wing. Adobe Flash Player is required to view this feature. Finally, the paradigm of remote counseling, reinforcement of patient change by PCPs, and use of a Web site with portals for patients, counselors, and physicians could improve the management of other chronic conditions. Although the policy would be one of the most extensive government anti-childhood obesity efforts, pediatricians were divided over whether it would have the desired impact. If you are using an operating system that does not support Flash, we are working to bring you alternative formats. Participants were asked to make in-person follow-up visits 6, 12, and 24 months after randomization. If you are using an operating system that does not support Flash, we are working to bring you alternative formats. The hope is that having doctors track height and weight in this way would encourage more discussion among parents, kids and doctors about the dangers of being overweight, says Geralyn Lasher, director of communications at the Executive Office of the Governor. CrossRef 27 Naji Alamuddin, Thomas A. In the United States, approximately one third of adults are obese. Kamper, Christopher M. The final decisions regarding the content and composition of the manuscript and the decision to submit it for publication were made by the academic investigators. Adobe Flash Player is required to view this feature. There were no deaths or serious hypoglycemic events. The Prevention and Control Core of the Baltimore Diabetes Research and Training Center contributed to the data analysis. Adobe Flash Player is required to view this feature. Wadden. 9% at 24 months for the group receiving in-person support. If you are using an operating system that does not support Flash, we are working to bring you alternative formats. Still, to our knowledge, it is one of the longest trials of a remote (telephone- or Web-based) intervention. e. The other intervention offered these remote sources of support but reflected common practice in efficacy trials by also providing face-to-face group and individual sessions conducted by health coaches. Media in This Article Figure 1 Mean Weight Change According to Randomized Group. Role of the PCP PCPs played a supportive role in the study. CrossRef 30 Meghan L Butryn, Danielle Arigo, Greer A Raggio, Marie Colasanti, Evan M Forman. Coaches were trained before enrollment of the first participant and on a quarterly basis thereafter. Herman. Consequently, even though it is recommended that clinicians offer intensive counseling and behavioral support to their obese patients, 9 practicing physicians lack effective, empirically supported models of treatment to guide their efforts in helping obese patients lose weight. Table 1 Table 1 Features of Both Interventions. D. Driver, Neil J. 1% in the group receiving remote support only. Effects of comprehensive lifestyle modification on diet, weight, physical fitness, and blood pressure control: 18-month results of a randomized trial. Gibson, R. If you are using an operating system that does not support Flash, we are working to bring you alternative formats. If you are using an operating system that does not support Flash, we are working to bring you alternative formats. The enrollment process involved a Web-based contact, an in-person visit during which baseline data were collected, and a second in-person visit at which participants were notified of their assigned group. (2016) Impact of newer self-monitoring technology and brief phone-based intervention on weight loss: A randomized pilot study. The extent of weight loss was similar to that achieved in many efficacy studies. shows the key features of the two intervention groups. Recent advances in Internet-delivered, evidence-based weight control programs for adults. Kelly, Thomas H. Adobe Flash Player is required to view this feature. Franklin, T. Markovic, N. If you are using an operating system that does not support Flash, we are working to bring you alternative formats. Other weight-related outcomes were percentage of weight change from baseline, percentage of participants without weight gain, percentage of participants who lost at least 5% of their initial weight, and change from baseline in body-mass index (BMI, the weight in kilograms divided by the square of the height in meters). 8 Of the 10 trials identified, 4 trials tested the use of PCP counseling alone, 3 tested PCP counseling with pharmacotherapy, and 3 tested a collaborative approach in which the intervention was delivered by care providers other than PCPs. In the group receiving remote support only, the median number of completed phone calls was 14 in the first 6 months and 16 for the remainder of the trial. Effects of comprehensive lifestyle modification on blood pressure control: main results of the PREMIER clinical trial. If you are using an operating system that does not support Flash, we are working to bring you alternative formats. We hypothesized that patients assigned to both active interventions would achieve greater weight loss than those in the control group. D. Body-mass index and cause-specific mortality in 900 000 adults: collaborative analyses of 57 prospective studies. The intervention without in-person contact provided patients with support by means of the telephone, the Internet, and e-mail. Article Activity 245 articles have cited this article Article Obesity is an important and growing public health problem around the world. Adobe Flash Player is required to view this feature. A randomized trial comparing human e-mail counseling, computer-automated tailored counseling, and no counseling in an Internet weight loss program. The results of these trials were inconsistent, and most of them had one or more limitations (e. CrossRef 32 Shoaib Mohammad, Jamal Ahmad. Adobe Flash Player is required to view this feature. Participants in the control group received brief advice but none of the above resources. Adobe Flash Player is required to view this feature. P. Participation in group sessions, although strongly encouraged, was initially low and declined further over the course of the study. Means were modeled as a function of the group assignment and study visit (at baseline and at 6, 12, and 24 months). CrossRef 34 Ken Resnicow, Donna Harris, Richard Wasserman, Robert P. (2016) Behavioral Treatment of the Patient with Obesity. Third, the relative contribution of each component of the interventions (personalized counseling, reinforcement by PCPs, and Web-based support) is difficult to assess. Adobe Flash Player is required to view this feature. Heymsfield, Steven B. To assess fidelity to the protocol and to promote motivational interviewing techniques, a case-management team observed the coaches and provided feedback monthly for the first 3 months of the study and quarterly thereafter. Sforzo, C. Ford. org. Jacob, M. Inge. Adobe Flash Player is required to view this feature. If you are using an operating system that does not support Flash, we are working to bring you alternative formats. Adobe Flash Player is required to view this feature. Adobe Flash Player is required to view this feature. Your CA Privacy Rights Your CA Privacy Rights. Ho. (2016) Enhancing physical activity promotion in midlife women with technology-based self-monitoring and social connectivity: A pilot study. (2016) Management of obesity in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus in primary care. e. Minges, Caroline R. For example, we did not have a run-in period or conduct an adherence test before randomization, required only two visits by potential participants to determine eligibility, and modified our interventions considerably, mostly by reducing the intensity of the intervention and increasing flexibility. Weight Loss After randomization, weight was recorded for 366 participants (88. At data-collection visits, 48 hospitalizations were reported (15 in the control group, 15 in the group receiving remote support, and 18 in the group receiving in-person support). Trained research staff who were not informed of the group assignment performed the measurements. The percentage of participants whose weight at 24 months was at least 5% below their baseline weight was 18. Adobe Flash Player is required to view this feature. CrossRef 7 Shivakumar Chitturi, Geoffrey C. , glucocorticoids or second-generation antipsychotic medications). Groessl, Samuel B. Excess deaths associated with underweight, overweight, and obesity. (2017) Adapting evidence-based behavioral weight loss programs for emerging adults: A pilot randomized controlled trial. Screening for obesity in adults: recommendations and rationale. One participant in the group receiving in-person support was assaulted while exercising and had musculoskeletal injuries. Adobe Flash Player is required to view this feature. Diu, J. Adobe Flash Player is required to view this feature. CrossRef 10 Y. shows the actual and recommended rates of study participation in the intervention groups. Powell, Janice C. (2016) A brief intervention for weight control based on habit-formation theory delivered through primary care: results from a randomised controlled trial. If you are using an operating system that does not support Flash, we are working to bring you alternative formats. Reynolds, M. 2%) at 6 months, for 355 (85. CrossRef 14 R J Beeken, B Leurent, V Vickerstaff, R Wilson, H Croker, S Morris, R Z Omar, I Nazareth, J Wardle. PREMIER -- a trial of lifestyle interventions for blood pressure control: intervention design and rationale. 4% in the group receiving in-person support, and 38. They also received brochures and a list of recommended Web sites promoting weight loss. 2016. The study was conducted according to the protocol (available with the full text of this article at NEJM. If you are using an operating system that does not support Flash, we are working to bring you alternative formats. Healthways employees contributed to the study design, particularly on technical matters related to the design of the study-specific Web site. The first author wrote the article and vouches for the accuracy of the data and the analyses. If you are using an operating system that does not support Flash, we are working to bring you alternative formats. At 24 months, the percentage of participants in the control group with a weight that was lower than their weight at baseline was 52. If you are using an operating system that does not support Flash, we are working to bring you alternative formats. Tackling obesity: is primary care up to the challenge. The primary analysis was based on the intention-to-treat principle. For both interventions, primary care providers reinforced participation at routinely scheduled visits. At each point in its design and implementation, we tailored our approach to reflect the setting — namely, primary care practices. To address the need for treatment models, we conducted a randomized, controlled trial to determine the effectiveness of two behavioral weight-loss interventions — including one without in-person contact — in obese patients with at least one cardiovascular risk factor. At each of these visits, weight was measured on a high-quality, calibrated digital scale, with the participant wearing light, indoor clothes and no shoes. Both intervention groups used the Web site frequently. The Diabetes Prevention Program (DPP): description of lifestyle intervention. The National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute and Healthways had opportunities to comment on the manuscript. CrossRef 3 Jessica Gokee LaRose, Deborah F Tate, Autumn Lanoye, Joseph L Fava, Elissa Jelalian, Megan Blumenthal, Laura J Caccavale, Rena R Wing. (2016) Advances in Motivational Interviewing for Pediatric Obesity. Data Is Power: Michigan Fights Childhood Obesity by Tracking It. Rubin, Ph. CrossRef 36 A. (2016) Fast versus slow weight loss: development process and rationale behind the dietary interventions for the TEMPO Diet Trial. Adobe Flash Player is required to view this feature. (2016) Influence of Patient-Centered Decision Making on Sustained Weight Loss and Risk Reduction Following Lifestyle Intervention Efforts in Rural Pennsylvania. The coaches for the group receiving in-person support were employees of Johns Hopkins University, and the coaches for the group receiving only remote support were employees of Healthways. g. Few trials have attempted behavioral weight-loss strategies in the primary care setting, and none have implemented interventions similar to those tested in the POWER trial. If you are using an operating system that does not support Flash, we are working to bring you alternative formats. Head, D. First, in contrast with previous interventions involving only telephone- or Web-based interventions, the weight loss achieved in the group receiving remote support only was substantial and similar in magnitude to that achieved in the group receiving in-person support in addition to remote support. (2016) Reducing depression during the menopausal transition with health coaching: Results from the healthy menopausal transition randomised controlled trial. , pregnancy, bariatric surgery, or amputation) were included in the analysis, which was conducted with the use of a saturated-means, repeated-measures, mixed-effects model for visit-specific weight, with indicators for missing data.
Bachmann, S. (2016) Lifestyle interventions for weight loss in adults with severe obesity: a systematic review. 3% as compared with 74. Louis reports receiving consulting fees from Bristol-Myers Squibb and Merck and royalties from Taylor and Francis Publishing. If you are using an operating system that does not support Flash, we are working to bring you alternative formats. The number of reports reviewed by the PCPs was similar in the two groups. Methods Oversight This trial is one of three independent trials in the Practice-based Opportunities for Weight Reduction (POWER) trials, each supported by a grant from the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute. A. Long-term weight loss and changes in blood pressure: results of the Trials of Hypertension Prevention, phase II. Adobe Flash Player is required to view this feature. Adobe Flash Player is required to view this feature. During the next 3 months, participants receiving in-person support were offered three monthly contacts (one group session and two individual sessions), whereas the group receiving only remote support were offered 1 call each month. Prevalence and trends in obesity among US adults, 1999-2008. (2016) Systematic review and meta-analysis of internet-delivered interventions providing personalized feedback for weight loss in overweight and obese adults. Rhodes, Kevin M. If you are using an operating system that does not support Flash, we are working to bring you alternative formats. 2% in the group receiving remote support only. Supported by grants from the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (HL087085), the Prevention and Control Core of the Baltimore Diabetes Research and Training Center (P60DK079637), and the National Center for Research Resources (UL1RR025005) and by Healthways. Treatment of obesity in primary care practice in the United States: a systematic review. , reduce calorie intake and increase exercise) and to motivate their patients. McColl, V. This approach produces valid estimates if data are missing at random. Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinics of North America 45:3, 565-580. If you are using an operating system that does not support Flash, we are working to bring you alternative formats. If you are using an operating system that does not support Flash, we are working to bring you alternative formats. Ross, Rena R. Adobe Flash Player is required to view this feature. There was also a control group in which weight loss was self-directed. Adobe Flash Player is required to view this feature. (2016) Advancing a new evidence-based professional in health care: job task analysis for health and wellness coaches. Funk, Njeri Karanja, Ning Smith, Victor J. The topics covered included behavioral theory and strategies, basic nutritional and exercise guidelines, motivational interviewing techniques, and study procedures, including use of the intervention Web site. If you are using an operating system that does not support Flash, we are working to bring you alternative formats. Fourth, although we collected data on cardiovascular risk factors (in the Supplementary Appendix ), we did not design the trial to reconfirm the well-established relationship between weight reduction and improvements in blood pressure, lipid profile, and glucose levels. Study Groups Randomization was stratified according to sex and was generated in blocks of 3 and 6 with the use of a Web-based program. An unstructured covariance structure was used to relate the repeated measures. (2016) Practice Policy Statement. (2016) The POWeR of looking into the black box. (2017) Do weight management interventions delivered by online social networks effectively improve body weight, body composition, and chronic disease risk factors. Wadden, Thomas A. S. We excluded patients who had recently lost 5% or more of their body weight or were taking medications that cause weight gain or prevent weight loss (e. In the group receiving in-person support, most contact with coaches during the first 6 months occurred in face-to-face group sessions. Design considerations and rationale of a multi-center trial to sustain weight loss: the Weight Loss Maintenance Trial. Micale. View of the Sydney Opera House in Sydney Harbor. Adobe Flash Player is required to view this feature. If you are using an operating system that does not support Flash, we are working to bring you alternative formats. 1 Obesity adversely affects each of the major cardiovascular risk factors — blood pressure, lipid profile, and diabetes. If you are using an operating system that does not support Flash, we are working to bring you alternative formats. Weight-loss coaches encouraged participants to complete the learning modules and provided positive reinforcement of key behaviors, with an emphasis on self-monitoring of weight, calorie intake, and exercise. If you are using an operating system that does not support Flash, we are working to bring you alternative formats. Abstract Background Obesity and its cardiovascular complications are extremely common medical problems, but evidence on how to accomplish weight loss in clinical practice is sparse. Stevens. 5%) at 12 months, and for 392 (94. Adverse Events There was one serious adverse event that may have been related to the study. Bald Eagle Tends to Her Chick in Fort Myers, Fla. Tsai and Wadden conducted a systematic review of the literature on this topic. Methods We conducted a randomized, controlled trial to examine the effects of two behavioral weight-loss interventions in 415 obese patients with at least one cardiovascular risk factor. e. If you are using an operating system that does not support Flash, we are working to bring you alternative formats. Skiers Hit the Slopes in Copper Mountain, Colo. CrossRef 33 Ghanshyam Palamaner Subash Shantha, Anita Ashok Kumar, Vimal Ravi, Rohit C. The trial also had several strengths, including a diverse population and high rates of adherence and follow-up. These approaches were modeled on those tested in previous trials. Adobe Flash Player is required to view this feature. Adobe Flash Player is required to view this feature. Byrne, E. Our results have implications for the delivery of behavioral interventions. CrossRef 23 Emily Brindal. The research staff who notified participants of their assignment were not involved in the collection of follow-up data. If you are using an operating system that does not support Flash, we are working to bring you alternative formats. Comparison of methods for delivering a lifestyle modification program for obese patients: a randomized trial. 0% at 6 months and 13. The theoretical framework for the two active interventions was based on social cognitive theory and incorporated behavioral self-management approaches designed to help participants set weight-related goals, self-monitor weight and weight-related behaviors (exercise and reduced calorie intake), increase self-efficacy and social support, and solve problems. Adobe Flash Player is required to view this feature. PCPs used this report to provide patients with basic guidance (i. If you are using an operating system that does not support Flash, we are working to bring you alternative formats. Araujo-Soares. Citing Articles 1 Erik A Willis, Amanda N Szabo-Reed, Lauren T Ptomey, Felicia L Steger, Jeffery J Honas, Richard A Washburn, Joseph E Donnelly. Few weight-loss trials have examined the effect of behavioral interventions in clinical practice, 8 and the results of these trials have been inconsistent. Seimon, J. Reduction in the incidence of type 2 diabetes with lifestyle intervention or metformin. An institutional review board approved the trial, as did an independent data and safety monitoring board. Adobe Flash Player is required to view this feature. Participants in the control group met with a weight-loss coach at the time of randomization and, if desired, after the final data-collection visit, at 24 months. Adobe Flash Player is required to view this feature. Adobe Flash Player is required to view this feature. Participants had an equal chance of being assigned to any one of the three study groups. (For more information on the interventions, see the protocol and the Supplementary Appendix, available at NEJM. (2016) Cardiovascular effects of bariatric surgery. J Newham, R. Eight clinics were invited to participate in the study, and six accepted. If you are using an operating system that does not support Flash, we are working to bring you alternative formats. (2016) The effects of health coaching when added to a wellness program. Dr. (2017) Mechanisms, Pathophysiology, and Management of Obesity. Changes in plasma lipids and lipoproteins in overweight men during weight loss through dieting as compared with exercise. Statistical Analysis The primary outcome was change in weight from baseline to 24 months. Louis, Ph. Williams. Caterson, A. If you are using an operating system that does not support Flash, we are working to bring you alternative formats. At routinely scheduled visits, each PCP received and reviewed a progress report on any of their patients who had been assigned to an intervention group (see the sample report in the Supplementary Appendix ). CrossRef 12 Amanda Williams, John Wiggers, Kate M. Live Look at the Atlantic Coast in Gloucester, Mass. If you are using an operating system that does not support Flash, we are working to bring you alternative formats. 12-14 In contrast with the findings in most weight-loss trials, 19,20 however, participants sustained weight loss to the end of the trial. Adobe Flash Player is required to view this feature. Discussion In this comparative effectiveness trial, in which obese medical patients with at least one cardiovascular risk factor were enrolled, two behavioral interventions — one involving no in-person contact with weight-loss coaches associated with the study or with other participants — achieved clinically relevant weight loss. 21-23 Our trial has limitations. No other potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported. If you are using an operating system that does not support Flash, we are working to bring you alternative formats. Influence of weight reduction on blood pressure: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. org). (2016) New directions for diabetes prevention and management in behavioral medicine. Adobe Flash Player is required to view this feature. Zgibor. Adobe Flash Player is required to view this feature. (2016) A Simple Dietary Questionnaire Correlates With Formal Dietitian Evaluation and Frequently Identifies Specific Clinical Interventions in an Outpatient Gastroenterology Clinic. To be eligible for the trial, potential participants had to be a patient at one of the participating primary care practices, have regular access to a computer, and have basic computer skills (i. In the group receiving in-person support only, the median number of phone calls was 4 in the first 6 months and 11 in the last 18 months. , small sample size, brief duration, low rate of follow-up, or a combination thereof). Automated re-engagement e-mail messages were sent to participants who had not logged on to the Web site in the preceding 7 days. Hassan, V. Adamson, E. If you are using an operating system that does not support Flash, we are working to bring you alternative formats. Adobe Flash Player is required to view this feature. Each participant who was assigned to an active intervention received automated monthly e-mail messages summarizing his or her progress. The percentage of participants who dropped out of the intervention (defined as having no contact with a coach and no use of study Web site for 2 months) was 5. Its duration, although longer than that of many weight-loss trials, was only 2 years. Manson, I. For the participants in the group receiving in-person support, we encouraged but did not mandate participation in group sessions and gave these participants the option of maintaining individual contact by phone rather than in person. Adobe Flash Player is required to view this feature. Adobe Flash Player is required to view this feature. The other intervention provided in-person support during group and individual sessions, along with the three remote means of support. If you are using an operating system that does not support Flash, we are working to bring you alternative formats. 7% at 6 months and 15. A. Adobe Flash Player is required to view this feature. Data Collection Eligibility, baseline, and follow-up data were collected by telephone, through the Web, and through in-person visits. (2016) Metabolic Syndrome: An Evolving Clinical Construct. Adobe Flash Player is required to view this feature. Participation Rates Table 4 Table 4 Numbers of Recommended and Actual Contacts According to Intervention Group. Transtheoretical model-chronic disease care for obesity in primary care: a randomized trial. The median number of group sessions attended was 6. Typically, primary care providers (PCPs) were not directly involved in the intervention. Effects of weight loss and sodium reduction intervention on blood pressure and hypertension incidence in overweight people with high-normal blood pressure: the Trials of Hypertension Prevention, phase II. Full Text 5 William H. Dubin, Jaya Vadivelu, Nedret Copur-Dahi, Leslie Miranda, Dana Palermo, Braj Pandey, Erik J. Participants in the two intervention groups were encouraged to lose 5% of their baseline weight within 6 months and to maintain the reduced weight until the end of the study. 4% in the group receiving in-person support and 77. Adobe Flash Player is required to view this feature. For the remainder of the study, participants in the group receiving in-person support were offered two monthly contacts (one group session and one individual session, with the latter conducted either in person or by telephone), and the group receiving only remote support continued to be offered monthly calls. Independent but coordinated trials: insights from the Practice-based Opportunities for Weight Reduction Trials Collaborative Research Group. Adobe Flash Player is required to view this feature. (2017) The global agenda for the prevention of type 2 diabetes. 5%) at 24 months. , and Frederick L. Participants in both intervention groups were offered weekly contact with coaches during the first 3 months (nine group sessions and three individual sessions for participants receiving in-person support, and 12 weekly calls for those receiving only remote support). The model included adjustment for clinic, sex, age, and race or ethnic group. M. Adobe Flash Player is required to view this feature. 24,25 Second, the study was a single-center trial, although it did involve six clinics. 8% in the control group, 41. We further hypothesized that patients in the group receiving in-person support would achieve greater weight loss than those in the group receiving only remote support. V. If you are using an operating system that does not support Flash, we are working to bring you alternative formats. If patients were not actively participating in their assigned intervention, the coaches sent re-engagement letters on behalf of the PCP. Johns Hopkins University has an institutional consulting agreement with Healthways. Sherin. D. Study Population The study population consisted of obese adults who were at least 21 years of age and had one or more cardiovascular risk factors (hypertension, hypercholesterolemia, or diabetes). In general, the eligibility criteria for the trial were less stringent than those typically used in efficacy trials. Adobe Flash Player is required to view this feature. If you are using an operating system that does not support Flash, we are working to bring you alternative formats. The same modeling approach was used for the dependent variables of percentage change in weight and change in BMI. If you are using an operating system that does not support Flash, we are working to bring you alternative formats. If you are using an operating system that does not support Flash, we are working to bring you alternative formats. Diabetes and Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease. In addition, percentages of participants in each of the three study groups who met various weight-loss thresholds were compared with the use of a binomial model. ) Participants in both intervention groups were encouraged to log on to the study-specific Web site weekly. Farrell. Adobe Flash Player is required to view this feature. Sainsbury. g. 10,11 For this trial, Healthways, a disease-management company, also provided support.
